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Enterprise engineering

What are accessibility, internationalisation and performance standards for web products?

By Reejan R Gopan · Full-Stack Software Engineer, Dubai, UAE

  • Accessibility (WCAG 2.2 AA) — semantic HTML, keyboard operability, visible focus, sufficient contrast, text alternatives, ARIA only where native elements cannot do the job; test with a screen reader and automated tools
  • Internationalisation (i18n) — externalise strings, support right-to-left layouts (essential for Arabic), locale-aware dates, numbers and currencies, and Unicode throughout
  • Performance — optimise Core Web Vitals (LCP, INP, CLS): compress and lazy-load images, ship less JavaScript, cache aggressively and render critical content on the server
  • SEO — crawlable HTML, canonical URLs, structured data, fast pages and a sitemap
  • Responsive design — mobile-first layouts that work at every width

These are quality requirements, not polish: they widen your audience and reduce legal and business risk.

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